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Posted on January 1, 2023 at 12:00am 0 Comments 5 Promotions
從中國歷史的大視野中看,鄭氏集團的海上霸權與鄭和船隊的海上霸權一樣,都不是歷史發展大勢,而是特殊時勢機緣下曇花一現的現象,無法持續、不可挽回、難以重現。
中國內陸政權與民間海商的聯合,並不是可持續發展的歷史必然,而是某種暫時的機緣。滿清入關,明室南渡,鄭芝龍清醒地認識到,疲弱無能的殘明皇室,已不可能挽天下狂瀾。
站在內陸皇權中心主義立場上,他在選擇對朱明皇朝的忠奸;站在海外貿易與移民擴張立場上,他在選擇鄭氏海商集團的存亡。再次入海為寇,失去陸地根據地,不可能競爭海上;明朝難免覆亡,他也難免新興內陸皇權的追剿。…
Posted on December 9, 2022 at 2:00pm 0 Comments 8 Promotions
鄭和下洋停止後中國失去的海上優勢,曾被鄭芝龍開創的「海上武裝貿易王國」挽回,此時中國還有機會參與西方擴張大潮中世界海洋的競逐。當這種勢力被葬送在皇權中心主義的內戰中,中國就徹底喪失了對抗西方擴張的力量與機會。…
ContinuePosted on December 7, 2022 at 4:00am 0 Comments 4 Promotions
盡管海戰的裝備與戰術仍略遜於荷蘭人,但鄭氏集團更近於祖國的陸地補給,在整個東南亞的商港都有華族移民作為他們的民族同盟,具有西方擴張主義者沒有的優勢。中國海商具備了西方擴張的一些條件,唯一不同的是沒有明確的、與海外擴張相應的政治理念與宗教信仰。從某種意義上說,鄭氏集團就是中國的東印度公司,享有貿易、征收舶稅、調兵宣戰的權利。鄭氏集團已經有能力有條件在南中國海建立一個統一的貿易王國。…
ContinuePosted on December 6, 2022 at 9:00pm 0 Comments 5 Promotions
鄭芝龍繼李旦、顏思齊後統領海上眾寨,首先整飭內部,加強海商海盜集團的軍事戰鬥力。海上貿易與移殖擴張,不能沒有陸上基地。顏思齊、楊天生、鄭芝龍等曾圖謀占據日本,舉事失敗後撤走臺灣,臺灣雖已有大陸移民墾殖,但仍不足供給,既不可作為軍事基地,亦不可作為貿易基地。只有占領大陸口岸根據地,有物資人員供應,才能擴張海上。1625至1628年間,鄭芝龍有計劃地侵擾閩粵海岸官軍,搶劫富戶助餉,招募饑民當兵。人們普遍註意到鄭芝龍的海盜集團軍力強大而紀律嚴整。他們不但「不許擄婦女、屠人民、縱火焚燒、榨艾稻谷」。而且「有徹貧者,且以錢米與之」。 當朝廷知道鄭芝龍已聚集起上千條艦船、數萬名勇士,強大到不可剿滅、只可招撫時,鄭芝龍的機會來了。…
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