文化有根 創意是伴 Bridging Creativity
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Posted on February 3, 2025 at 6:00pm 0 Comments 7 Promotions
3.3.1. 表象加工
研究者指出,生命性效應的一個重要來源是互動表象(interactive imagery)。與非生命單詞相比,生命單詞更易激活與之相關的動作或場景的互動表象,而後者是有效的記憶促進機制之一(Bower & Winzenz, 1970; Wilton, 2006)。Bonin 等…
Posted on January 23, 2025 at 9:00pm 0 Comments 7 Promotions
3.2.2.死亡凸顯
除了心理喚起之外,死亡凸顯(mortality salience)也是從喚起角度來解釋生命性效應的理論之一(Popp & Serra, 2016)。同是喚起,心理喚起和死亡凸顯的側重不同,心理喚起強調情緒層面的喚起,而死亡凸顯指的是對死亡威脅的意識,更側重認知層面的喚起。相比無生命的物體,有生命的物體更能引起個體…
Posted on January 20, 2025 at 12:00pm 0 Comments 8 Promotions
注意捕獲機制也可以為其他研究結果提供合理解釋。例如,Popp和Serra (2016)使用了與VanArsdall 等(2015)不同形式的配對聯想測驗:使用的詞對均為母語詞。結果發現在4種詞對(分別為生命詞-非生命詞、生命詞–生命詞、非生命詞–生命詞、非生命詞–非生命詞)中,被試對於「非生命詞–非生命詞」詞對的記憶效果更好,即詞匯的生命性削弱了母語詞對記憶。該現象可以通過注意捕獲機制進行解釋:…
ContinuePosted on January 13, 2025 at 5:30pm 0 Comments 5 Promotions
除了生命性材料本身,生命性效應也能延伸到其他相關的記憶材料和范疇上。例如,個體對於生命性客體的來源信息(如,初始呈現在屏幕上時的空間位置和時間順序)的記憶同樣具有優勢(Gelin et al., 2018; Mieth et al., 2019)。生命性效應還能溢出到與生命性客體有物理接觸的其它物品上(Nairne et al., 2017)。另外,在動作序列記憶任務中,如果動作所施加的對象是生命客體(如用棍子敲打小狗三次),相比於動作所施加的對象為非生命客體(如用棍子敲打磚頭三次),被試對動作序列的記憶更准確(Loucks et al., 2020)。對陌生詞進行學習時,具有生命性意義的新詞比非生命新詞的學習效果更好…
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