瑪琳娜's Blog – October 2017 Archive (22)

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竺洪波：哪里來的這只猴？——孫悟空形象探源（中）

我總疑心這個神通廣大的猴子不是國貨，乃是一件從印度進口的。也許連無支祁的神話也是受了印度影響而仿造的。因為《太平廣記》和《太平寰宇記》都根據《古嶽瀆經》，而《古嶽瀆經》本身便不是一部可信的古書。宋元的僧伽神話，更不消說了。因此，我依著鋼和泰博士的指引，在印度最古的紀事詩《拉麻傳》（Ram-ayana，今譯羅摩衍那）里尋得一個哈奴曼（Hanu-man），大概可以算是齊天大聖的背影了。

當然，對於魯迅在學術上的“固執”，胡適是領教過的，所以他除了不厭其煩地羅列哈奴曼諸般騰挪、變化神通與孫悟空類同，還通過對哈奴曼與孫悟空的前身《取經詩話》中猴行者的比較，找出兩者的聯系，以為旁征：…

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Added by 瑪琳娜 on October 10, 2017 at 10:30am — No Comments

竺洪波：哪里來的這只猴？——孫悟空形象探源（上）

提出孫悟空是哪里來的，想必一定會被一些性急的朋友拍磚。《西遊記》不是寫得很清楚？花果山石頭里蹦出來的。

不錯的。孫悟空是天地化生的石猴、靈猴。但是，《西遊記》作為世代累積型文學巨著，經過長達近千年的民間流傳，許多人物和故事都有源流可循，並非作者吳承恩憑空杜撰。孫悟空具有鮮明的外貌、豐富的性格和精彩的故事，那麼這個形象又是根據何種藍本寫成的？——這就是著名的孫悟空原型問題。





一、“民族傳統”與“外來影響”雙峰並峙…

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Added by 瑪琳娜 on October 10, 2017 at 10:00am — No Comments

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