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Comment by 旅遊 庫 on October 10, 2022 at 11:15am


旅遊文創産品:可持續的「創造力」

(原題:旅遊文創産品如何能實現可持續的「創造力」?)

原標題:旅遊文創産品如何能實現可持續的「創造力」?

近年來,隨著人們精神追求的提昇,旅遊文創産品逐漸興起,愈來愈多的人投身到文創産品的設計開發中。作爲一個歷史悠久,有著肥沃的文化土壤的國家,中國的旅遊文創發展之路如何呢?下面就來談一談中國旅遊業的文創發展現狀及未來旅遊業文創的發展思路。

首先文創産品是什麼呢?文創産品又能給旅遊産業帶來什麼作用?

文化創意産品(文創産品)是藝術衍生品的一種,通過設計者自己對於文化的理解,將原生藝術品的文化元素與産品本身的創意相結合,形成的一種新型文化創意産品。説簡單點,文創産品就是一個創意通過賦予其價值使之産品化。文化旅遊紀唸品、辦公用品、家居日用品、科技日用造型設計、工藝品等都屬於文創産品一類。

在旅遊領域,文創産品是豐富旅遊體驗和提昇旅遊檔次的主要途徑。獨特的文創産品,不僅能夠提昇景區的品牌形象,而且在某種程度上也能擴大景區的傳播範圍。特別是現在隨著互聯網流量紅利逐漸消失,獲客成本不斷增加,中小城市旅遊區及小型景區更是面臨著渠道短缺的困擾。所以發展文創産業應是旅遊業發展過程中的一大趨勢。

作爲旅遊區重要角色的文創産業,目前現狀如何呢?


一、文創産業發展加速,國家政策的強力支持


1、2017年中國發改委公佈了《關於實施旅遊休閒重大工程的通知》,並在其中旗幟鮮明地提出了"加快旅遊産品開發,培育新興旅遊業態,提昇旅遊産業質量,滿足消費昇級帶來個性化、休閒性、文化性的體驗需求"的要求。

2、2018國家旅遊局與文化部合并,正式組建了文化和旅遊部,並且不再保留原文化部和國家旅遊局。對原來的旅遊局而言,新的文化和旅遊部,是原有基礎之上的一次昇格——從直屬機構一下變成了組成部門,從副部級也昇格爲正部級。對原來的文化部而言,是行政效能上的一次拓寬——從純粹的文化到給文化賦予載體,從偏向事業工作到事業和産業並進。


二、旅遊文創發展不均衡,同質化、低端化、地攤化嚴重

據統計,旅遊購物在歐美國家佔旅遊業收入的50%到60%,在亞洲發達國家佔40%以上,而在中國目前隻佔28%,國內外遊客對旅遊商品的滿意度可見一斑。目前國內旅遊地的文化産品出現以下幾個情況。

1. 成百上千個景區販賣一樣的旅遊産品,産品的"同一張臉"這不僅會讓遊客産生審美疲勞,且不利於推廣各個景區的獨特旅遊價值。遍地都在抄襲,缺乏創意的旅遊紀念品會大大拉低國人的旅遊購物消費。

2. 沒有具有當地的文化特色和創意理唸的産品。

3. 文化創意産品的複製成本太低,從業人員構成比較複雜。

那麼了解目前旅遊文創産品普遍存在的問題之後,又該如何玩轉旅遊業呢?並在新一輪的騰飛態勢當中趁勢崛起呢?


(一)差異化定位,確定區域價值觀,打造獨特旅遊IP

每個景區都擁有自己獨特的資源和地域文化,這無疑是進行文創産品開發的資源庫。根據旅遊區域的差異性找準定位,這樣才能明確文創的發展方向,從而在市場競爭中找到位置。當精準把握住本區域的"價值觀"後,在繁多的業態品類中篩選出契合定位的品牌,打造本區域獨特的IP。如湖南博物館將青銅器設計成了卡通形象,並爲他們賦予人性化的性格,打造的"銅趣大冒險"商品廣受歡迎。

(二)根植文化,培育文創産品

競爭戰略之父邁克爾·波特曾提到:"基於文化的優勢是最根本的、最難以替代和模仿的、最持久的和最核心的競爭優勢。"當城市資源逐漸枯竭時,文化才是城市最大的不動産。所以根植於當地城市文化資源特色的文創項目才能健康發展。

Comment by 旅遊 庫 on October 10, 2022 at 11:15am

1. 總結大衆需求的導向,深挖現有的文化資源,把其中一些已經形成大衆觀念,老百姓都知道的東西轉化爲較爲優質的旅遊産品。例如故宮文創産品的"朕知道了"膠帶、朝珠耳機、故宮貓繫列手機殼……

2. 既要有創意,也要有工匠精神。現如今,中國景區的文化創意産品已經經過了最開始野蠻增長的年代,開始進入以質取勝的新階段。唯有做好質量,才能經得住考驗!

3. 拓寬文化創意産品的實用性,真正將文化創意産品買得走,留得住!一味的只追求歷史性和知識性,對新一代年輕群體已缺乏吸引力,隻有在産品文化屬性、創意性和功能性取得良好平衡後,才能最大限度的增加産品的購買力。

4. 文創産品與旅遊本身相結合。文創産品與旅遊區域特色相融合,讓遊客在旅途結束後,依然有一樣實際的東西能讓他回憶起這個美好的回憶。例如成都的熊貓館,就催生了很多熊貓的旅遊文創産品:玩偶、書籤、還有鉛筆等熊貓主題文具,滿足了衆多遊客的需求。


(三)文創産品與科技相結合

文創産品與科技相結合。藉助新技術打造豐富多彩的文創産品。如VR+旅遊的新體驗在景區開始受到廣泛關注,用戶增強了浸入式體驗感,而景區在宣傳和營收方麵收獲豐厚。另外採取O2O模式,人們在線上瀏覽選擇商品,並在旅遊中尋找線下店鋪,並在線上付費。這種新的模式對旅遊商品的銷售也將起到很大的促進作用。

(四)實現可持續的"創造力"

文創産品植根於文化,繁盛於創意,長久於經營。所以,保持創意的持續與新鮮,是最大的挑戰。在旅遊區域打造獨特的氛圍及環境,通過持續性運營及活動,激活文創品牌的創意更新及創作靈感,孵化出更多文創品牌。例如,爲了保有文創品牌的活力,中國台灣地區在各地的文創園,會定期舉行各種活動。例如週末市集,以激活民間手工藝人的創作動力;小型音樂節,街頭藝人的才藝展示;大型展銷活動,以使文創品牌的聚合力影響市場。文創項目要成功,首先必須聚集人氣,而舉辦活動是最好的方式。調查發現,颱灣越好的文創項目,舉辦的活動越多。

中國文創産品在旅遊産業發展的過程中,在國家經濟持續高效快速發展的背景下,文創産品確實給旅遊業帶來了更多的效益和流量,文創産業將會成爲旅遊産業發展的新支柱!所以即使沒有大量的資金和充足的人才儲備,打造少量的且具有自主産權的文創産品仍然非常必要。(2022-01-12 來源: 雲野科技)

延續閱讀 》愛墾旅游專頁

Comment by 旅遊 庫 on October 9, 2022 at 9:44am

Budget 2023: Supports sustainability of tourism, arts, culture

KUALA LUMPUR: The RM1.16 billion allocation in the 2023 Budget for management and development of the tourism, art and culture sectors reflected the government's continuous post-pandemic efforts to restore and strengthen the country’s economy carried out since 2021.

The Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture (Motac), in a statement today, described the budget as a sign of the government's continued support and commitment to make the local tourism, arts and culture industry strong again.

“The government’s commitment is clear in ensuring that the national economic growth agenda continues to be given focus to empower the industry and businesses continue to be supported in this phase of recovery and growth.

“Motac will refine allocations that involve tourism and culture, and is ready to seize opportunities available to develop the sector which is closely related to the Shared Prosperity Vision 2030 and the Sustainable Development Goals,“ it said.


Finance Minister Tengku Datuk Seri Zafrul Tengku Abdul Aziz , when tabling Budget 2023 yesterday, announced an allocation of RM200 million to strengthen the recovery of the tourism sector with incentives, promotion and marketing incentives, as well as RM90 million as matching grants, such as the Tourism Promotion Matching Grant (Gamelan), which involves promotion and marketing campaigns with the industry.

Apart from that, the government is allocating RM25 million to provide incentives to the people in the form of discounts, vouchers and rebates for accommodation, tourism packages, handicrafts, and works of arts up to RM100; RM25 million for programmes to popularise arts, culture and heritage and 100 per cent tax exemption on statutory income for foreign and local tourists.

Other funds proposed in the 2023 Budget involved are the RM500 million in Bank Negara Malaysia's Tourism Financing (PTF) with an increase of financing size from RM300,000 to RM500,000; tourism infrastructure financing fund amounting to RM1 billion to strengthen the momentum of the recovery of the tourism sector, as well as the allocation of RM10 million through ThinkCity to further transform Kuala Lumpur City centre into a creative and cultural hub.

Tourism, Arts and Culture Minister Datuk Seri Nancy Shukri, in the same statement, said Motac would continue to take appropriate measures to protect and prepare the country for the effects of global development.

“Motac welcomes and expresses its gratitude to the government under the leadership of Datuk Seri Ismail Sabri Yaakob for the announcement of a high-impact budget, l which is responsive, responsible and reformist,” she said. -Bernama (The Sun Daily, Sunday, 09 Oct 2022)

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Comment by 旅遊 庫 on September 18, 2022 at 3:10pm

Dr. Tan Beng Huat: Singapore, Our Natural Source of International Tourists

Few months ago, I had watched a series of documentary on Singapore's nation-building experience. Many good stories are shared through their heritage of old paintings, photographs & black and white contents from TV archive. One of them is to explore Singaporeans' desire to learn Bahasa Malaysia in evening classes, attempted to be a Good Malaysian....... As a young kid in Southern Johore then, Singapore to me is just our neighbour town where my aunt stay. Many people of my generation who opted for Singapore citizenship have just retired in recent years with reasonable or even good saving. It's natural for them to be a rich tourist to visit Malaysia, where their relatives stay. In fact, all these years, Singaporeans make up around one third of our foreign tourists (excluding the excursionists who make daily trips across the JB causeway). After the Covid-19 close down, other than visit their relatives and Genting Highland, their destinations also include many Malaysian places that they have never considered before. Just to name a few, weekend city tour to Sibu, Sarawak, Off Shore Angling trip to Kuching, home-stay in Kuala Selangor......these were in fact my youngest sister's records with her family and family of my brother-in-law's siblings. Our nature and culture is a blessing to them too. Beside family tour, to my Singaporen nephews and thier peers, our seas are their diving paradise. One of them even become a coral conservationist of our under-sea world with funding from Singaporen government. Meaning? Before we go back to what we have in 2019 which have witnessed international tourism hit record high of 1.5 billion, of which China's contribution is 10%, our neighboring countries are our hope. Other than Singapore, the number of Vietnamese's outbound tourists to South-East Asia is also going up. Afterall, to Sabah and Sarawak, tourists from Penisular is a ready market yet to be fully tapped.   (18.9.2022)

Comment by 旅遊 庫 on June 8, 2022 at 11:22am

引領文化旅遊:分層培育文化旅遊消費市場和群體,夯實岷江上遊文化旅遊社會基礎。產品需要設計,消費需要引領。在充滿誘惑和刺激的新世紀,對文化旅遊而言,再也不是「酒好不怕巷子深」了。一方面我們需要設計好我們的文化旅遊產品,努力做到時代性、豐富性、差異性和珍貴性的統一;另一方面,我們更需要培育和引領文化旅遊的消費市場和消費群體。傳統旅遊的六要素——吃、住、行、遊、購、娛,現在已經悄然發生了改變,各種富有個性化的旅遊需求在不知不覺中正在積蓄能量,等待「爆發」。如:運動休閑、康養健體、智慧怡心等等。就岷江上遊文化旅遊的資源稟賦而言,至少可以分為以下需求類別:一般性的參觀度假休閑、學術研究考察、獵奇獵新、風情風俗體驗、尋根問祖、懷古憶昔、情感寄托、心靈安頓等,針對這些消費市場,應設計相應的旅遊產品,包括線路設計、食宿安排、導遊、宣傳資料及文化創意產品等,以此引導消費群體作出正確的選擇。如果能夠持之以恒、因時製宜、因地製宜、因人製宜地做好這些工作,岷江上遊的文化旅遊將在不遠的將來,成為有口皆碑的旅遊勝地和經典旅遊品牌,比肩這一地區以九寨、黃龍為代表的自然遺產旅遊。(潘君瑤·岷江上遊的歷史文化遺產與文化旅遊)

Comment by 旅遊 庫 on May 10, 2022 at 3:05pm

冷盈袖《在別處生活》

有隱居之念

不是一日兩日了

人群中不能久待

不妨試著

在植物中間生活

聽一日的鳥聲

見最少的人

清泉細長

 

釀整甕的酒

透過枝葉看月亮

院子裏的籬笆

不可編得過於齊整

葉子落下來

就讓它們積著

這何嘗不是一種美德

用草木煮一日的粥食

最好的人間

便是父母健在,糧食清白

像料理一棵青菜一樣

料理自己

Comment by 旅遊 庫 on May 2, 2022 at 3:30pm


旅遊文創體驗店


近年來這種模式正在走紅社交網絡,也是線下景區愛開發的最新模式之一。
作為景區和博物館內“最後一個展廳”的文創體驗店,已經被重視起來了!天壇的“天壇福飲”咖啡店,上新才兩個多月,已在各社交平臺上有著很高的出鏡率,店內不僅有文創展示臺,新穎的文創咖啡杯更是受遊客喜愛;“天壇美映”AI文創照相館也已經是遊客必打卡的地點,攝影棚共有20個背景板,遊客可以選擇與祈年殿、圜丘等經典建築合影,後期利用AI智能影像技術,在攝影棚內就可以拍攝出實景感很強的照片,深受遊客喜愛……

這種體驗店已經成了“網紅樣本”,在各大景區和博物館起了連鎖反應,甚至有跡象成為未來景區的標準體系之一,這種模式“混搭”也極被消費者喜歡。

Comment by 旅遊 庫 on November 18, 2021 at 1:39pm


旅遊考[南北朝]沈約《悲哉行》


旅遊媚年春,年春媚遊人。

徐光旦垂彩,和露曉凝津。
時嚶起稚葉,蕙氣動初蘋。
一朝阻舊國,萬里隔良辰。

解說

旅遊:外出旅行遊覽。

媚:嫵媚。明媚。
年春:新年的春天。來年春天。
遊人:遊覽遊玩的人。
徐光:柔和緩慢的春光。徐徐的春光。

旦:早晨。

垂彩:垂下光彩或彩色。
和露:和熙的露水。春天的露水。
曉:拂曉。
凝津:謂天地精靈之氣相合而凝成津液。

時嚶:應時的鳥啼聲。嚶,象聲詞,形容鳥叫聲或低而細微的聲音。

稚葉:稚嫩的樹葉。
蕙氣:蕙草的香氣。
初蘋:初期生長的白萍。
一朝:一旦。某一天。

阻:阻斷。

舊國:舊時的國家;故國。故鄉。
隔:隔斷。
良辰:良好的時辰。美好的時光。

白話譯文


行客留連春天的美景,春景也在取悦着遊人。早晨散開的陽光垂下霞彩,晨露在津渡旁凝結。嫩葉間不時傳來鳥鳴聲,帶着蘭花香氣的風吹動着水面的浮蘋。可是我正遠離故國,在這美好的時節裏與它相隔萬里啊。


作者簡介


沈約(441~513年),字休文,漢族,吳興武康(今浙江湖州德清)人,南朝(宋、齊、梁朝時期)文學家、史學家。出身於門閥士族家庭。
是齊、 梁文壇的領袖,學問淵博,精通音律,與周顒等創四聲八病之説,要求以平、上、去、入四聲相互調節的方法應用於詩文,避免八病,這為當時韻文的創作開闢了新境界。其詩與王融諸人的詩皆注重聲律、對仗,時號“永明體”,是從比較自由的古體詩走向格律嚴整的近體詩的一個重要過渡階段。著作有《宋書》、《沈隱侯集》輯本二卷。又曾著《四聲譜》、《齊紀》等,已佚。(百度百科)


愛懇註:
在中國歴史上,這首詩是較早(南北朝)出現“旅遊”一詞的文獻。


延續閱讀 》旅遊體驗誌 (1)

跟《馬來紀年》走一帶一路·望加錫

Khalak Khalayak

《文學愛墾》內容重點推薦

Comment by 旅遊 庫 on September 27, 2021 at 10:48am

波德萊爾《巴黎的憂郁》每個人的怪獸

頭上是空闊而灰蒙的天空,腳下是塵土飛揚的大漠,沒有道路,沒有草坪,沒有一株蒺藜菜,也沒有一棵蕁麻草。我碰到好多人,駝著背向前行走。

他們每個人的背上都背著個巨大的怪物,其重量猶如一袋麵粉,一袋煤或是羅馬步兵的行裝。

可是,這怪物並不是一件僵死的重物,相反,它用有力的、帶彈性的肌肉把人緊緊地摟壓著,用它兩隻巨大的前爪勾住背負者的胸膛,並把異乎尋常的大腦袋壓在人的額頭上,就像古時武士們用來威嚇敵人而戴在頭上的可怕的頭盔。

我向其中一個人詢問,他們這樣匆忙是向哪里去。他回答我說,他也一無所知;不但他,別人也不知道。可是很明顯,他們定是要去什麽地方。因為,他們被一種不可控制的行走欲推動著。

值得注意的是,沒有一個旅行者對伏在他們背上和吊在他們脖子上的兇惡野獸表示憤怒,相反,他們都認為這怪物是自己的一部分。在這些疲憊而嚴肅的面孔上,沒有一張表現出絕望的神情。在這陰郁的蒼穹下,大地也像天空一樣令人憂傷,他們行走著,腳步陷入塵土中,臉上呈現著無可奈何的、被註定要永遠地希望下去的神情。

旅行者的隊伍從我身邊走過,沒入遙遠的天際,由於行星圓形的表面,人類好奇的目光消失在那里。

好長時間,我一直力圖解開這個謎;可是不久,不可抗拒的冷漠控制了我,於是,我也顯得比被怪獸壓迫的人們更加疲勞了。

Comment by 旅遊 庫 on September 26, 2021 at 11:25am

Finally, following recent advances in ethnography, and in feminism and postcolonial studies, reading ‘Quiet Eilat’ raises issues concerning the discourse of tourism studies, that is writing about tourists and tourism. Although the poem was written naïvely, the question as to what is naïveté and whether there is indeed such an objective, ‘naïve’ perspective rises poignantly. Consider the power matrix that underlies the triadic relations between (1) the people who are described in the poem ‘Quiet Eilat’ (who traveled to Sinai in the late 1970s and to Eilat in the early 1990s) – mainly Nathan and myself; (2) the person who wrote the poem (in 1994); and (3) the person who wrote the academic text – the autoethnography, about the poem (in 2006–2007). Power relations and inequalities between the researcher, the writer and those represented in the text (the ‘field’), are clearly at stake here, complicated by the particular arrangement of power relations within the family.


By way of epilogue I wish to return to the interconnection between professional life and disciplinary academic socialization, on the one hand, and personal life and familial relationships, on the other, an interconnection which is characteristic of autoethnographic inquiry (Ellis, 2007). In the professional sphere, writing an autoethnography amounts to an empowering and emancipating act, because it assumes a public state (i.e. publication). It positions the scholar within a particular field or sub-discipline, ties her or him to a particular social network etc. The autoethnographic text assumes, beseeches, and cultivates a particular type of (academic) readership, which can radically change the discursive and interpretative practices of academic writers and readers.


On the personal sphere, I have not been in touch with Nathan in the last few years. He has refused the invitations which I extended before and during a post-doctorate year spent in the US in 2001. Yet my invitations were admittedly sparse: coping with Nathan’s severe illness is difficult for me, and I had and still have other needs to satisfy – my own growing family and my academic career.


I was initially furious with my relative, blaming his refusal to receive therapy (and recurrent institutionalizations) for the continuous deterioration in his health and for causing a deep divide in our relationship. I guess this is what psychologists call the ‘denial phase’. Only quite recently, and as a consequence of writing this autoethnography, I came by way of self-reconciliation to view Nathan’s crude rejections as expressing perhaps an agentic decision to avoid contact with me in this period of his life, or to establish a different type of relationship, one which is yet to be conceived. (Chaim Noy,2007,The Poetics of Tourist Experience: An Autoethnography of a Family T...,Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change. January 2007, P141-157)

愛墾網 是文化創意人的窩;自2009年7月以來,一直在挺文化創意人和他們的創作、珍藏。As home to the cultural creative community, iconada.tv supports creators since July, 2009.

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