文化有根 創意是伴 Bridging Creativity
Comment
山莊的文化隱喻
(續上) 中國農村的近代化是痛苦的,這無不與鄉村對現代文明的盲目不自覺反抗有莫大的關係,這種痛苦雖然沒有像英國圈地運動那樣悲惨,但鄉村經濟結構與城市的錯位必然決定了其要與近代化發生磨擦,鄉村的近代化在痛苦的蛻變中一步步緩解過來。這一方面縮小了城鄉之間的文化審美趣味和社會經濟的訴求結構,加快了鄉村城鎮化進程,使鄉村以追慕城市為要。
在這種急進中,反復的拆建透射出對城市文化的無奈盲從,這使得鄉村簡單習得城市中的垃圾文化——照抄了表面;另一方面這種近代化又擴大了城鄉在經濟上的差距和鄉村自身在文化傳統上的裂痕。造成了城鄉之間認知心理及文化上的隔膜。在這兩種變化之下,人被緊緊裹進現代化的進程中,變得無所適從。
同時城市人和鄉下人變得更加貌合神離。與原有的鄉村模式背道而馳,通過不得不尋找土地以外的生存模式,表現出一部分鄉村人與城市的接近,而另一部分人與城市的抵觸、抵觸的多為老年人,而認同和追逐的多為年輕一代鄉村人。
鄉村農家樂中的高朋滿座、垂釣閒逸不是山莊中的情形,是山寨化的山莊,就像許多地方爭相投資幾十個億打造古城一樣,其缺失了文化的隱秘內核,剩下的只是商業的吊詭而已。山莊的隱在意義在於顯露出了現代知識分子避退現代性的匆忙慌亂與手足無措。山莊表明了從原來族譜中衍生出來的新勢力的擴張,表明了從川地到山地的拓荒精神。
「坐山莊並不意味著落魄或沒落,反而恰恰是一個鄉村家族興旺發達的標志,也就是說,當一個家族的土地廣闊到耕種時的路程一天之內難以返回時,家族的當家人自然就會考慮選擇一個恰當的地方,圍成一個院落,建起幾座房子,派一個放心的子侄帶一幫人去住一段時間耕種那片偏遠的土地。……於是,院落邊一個個衍生,久而久之,就會形成一個村落。這就是山莊了。」
很顯然,這些坐了山莊的人就會永遠變成山裡人。山莊成了遠離喧囂老莊的清幽之地,但山莊仍在拱衛著老莊。山莊的迷人之處不單在於具有田園的風光與情致,而是體現了游走者的精神路線圖。在《山莊記憶》中通過記憶的敘事展現了過去時態中山莊的歷史動態,在口傳的歷史中,山莊變得豐盈起來。那些淹沒並沉淀在歷史塵土中的人物和事件復活了出來,在敘述著山莊的歷史和命運。
近讀熊佩雲的《一個村莊裡的歷史》感觸頗多,一顆樹的歷史就是一部民族志,那一座山莊更何嘗不是一部社會史。在一個大歷史行將遠去的時代,我們痛切關注到過去曾經被忽視與刻意忽略的微小個體的歷史和命運,關注那些小人物和小事物。這種關注也並非以民俗學者的視角來看待,而是以更深的文化關懷來理解,在現代、後現代與傳統交混的時代中,行將消失的鄉土也跟隨長者的記憶轉瞬即逝。對於此我們不是要持守傳統的東西不放而是要反思現代性的某種盲目激進和偏頗,其要義在歷史的共生與維持歷史的厚度。
生活常常需要回味來調整自我的狀態,詩意的鄉土也是如此。鄉土不再有詩意,詩意早已在近代化的步伐聲中被傾軋得四散遁形,鄉土世界所刻意營造的鄉土詩意崩潰了。懷舊成了對逝去鄉土詩意的追思,而還鄉就是對鄉土詩意某種更深程度的復古。而山莊的文化隱喻在於提供了我們還鄉的可能性。鄉村在現代性的機器轟鳴中面目全非乃至於消失。山莊及記憶中的山莊承載了知識分子自傳統以來士大夫的「江湖」隱逸情操。土堡在誓死捍衛了這一最後的家園,土炕退縮到現代性逼仄的角落,卻成為一劑治療失眠的良藥。
王小波說過:一個人只擁有此生此世是不夠的,他還應該擁有詩意的世界。詩意與我們何其重要。德國浪漫主義詩人荷爾德林曾吟唱到:「人充滿勞績,但還詩意地棲居在大地上。」他的聲音為什麼會使後來的人如此的著迷?作為一個「還鄉者」在斷裂了的鄉土詩意中,在城鄉的對立中重新尋找精神的家園。還鄉必然是心靈中的對已失鄉土詩意的再度體認,並非記憶中的囈語,重建鄉土精神家園使游走在詩意棲居大地上的「還鄉者」得到靈魂的休憩。
誠如柏夫在其小說《鄉韻》中所感嘆道的,「任何一個有過鄉村到城市經歷的人,再經歷一番情感的迷離之後,懷著對傳統鄉村的懷念,也懷著對城市文明的終極理解,他們遲早要打開精神和情感的通道,在城鄉的對視中,最終抵達一種相生、相連、相通、相融的和諧境界。」山莊的敘事承受還鄉者還鄉的話語架構,這根源於一種樸素的、彌足珍貴的人文精神,一種發自肺腑的悲憫情懷,鄉土散發出了憂傷而迷人的魔魅之美。(《社會學家茶座》第47輯)
作者簡介: 李安樂,1980年生,甘肅靜寧人,中學美術教師。中國藝術人類學學會會員、中華美學學會會員。曾獲中央美術學院青年藝術批評獎,有文章發表在《社會學家茶座》、《中國社會科學論叢》及《美術報》等。
(李安樂:山莊:追尋鄉土社會的潛在記憶——閱讀《山莊記憶》,見:中國藝術人類學學會2013-09-23)
藝術展·地緣詩學:瀕危世界的多變特質
由臺灣美術館主辦的「地緣詩學:瀕危世界的多變特質」於2023年12月2日至2024年3月10日展出,此次跨年度國際特展由3位國際策展人共同策劃,聚焦於亞洲當代藝術家共計約55組件作品,旨在以詩意而感性的方式探索地緣政經環境、意識形態與生命形式的各種可能性與關係。
今(30)日於臺北舉辦記者會,由國美館陳貺怡館長主持,韓國策展人金聖淵、臺灣策展人謝佩君,遠道而來的藝術家帕蒂普.蘇薩桑泰(Prateep Suthathongthai,泰國)、鎌田友介(日本)、馬哈拉尼.馬羌那嘎拉(Maharani Mancanagara,印尼)、徐平周(韓國)、臺灣藝術家常陵、王湘靈及張紋瑄等皆出席盛會。
國美館陳貺怡館長表示,18世紀啟蒙時代,孟德斯鳩提出「地緣政治」的概念,但1989年後一般認為冷戰已結束,但其實之後世界局勢丕變,戰爭不但並未結束,還以各種形式在國際間展開。1990年代之後,很多策展人與藝術家把「地緣政治」作為策展與創作的主題,本展即是以藝術的方法來探討地緣政治的問題,並聚焦在亞洲區域。
韓國策展人金聖淵表示,本次展出作品根據不一樣的國家文化有不同的解讀,特別是有些作品與戰爭有關連,尤其在籌備展覽過程中,我們的世界也正發生戰爭,所以本展是在很有意義的時間點舉辦,且不單單是作品很精采,展場空間也有相應的呈現。臺灣策展人謝佩君提到,本展的關鍵字是「集體」的概念,她在與其他二位策展人的討論中,得到更多不同的觀點與突破,雖然這次臺灣藝術家的作品媒材與主題皆不盡相同,但藝術家都認為臺灣是東亞的會面點而非衝突點。菲律賓策展人派屈克.佛洛雷斯(Patrick Flores)透過錄影表示,展出這些藝術品就是傳遞他們的想法到這個世界,這個展覽讓我們了解世界雖然危機重重且多變,但多變正代表世界有改變的可能。
國美館原訂今(2023)年辦理第9屆亞洲藝術雙年展,然因前年疫情之故將第18屆威尼斯建築雙年展臺灣館往後推遲了一年(2023年)辦理,故同步影響本館亞洲藝術雙年展改至2024年辦理。雖因雙年展辦理時程的更動,國美館對於亞洲當代藝術的發展與推介仍保持高度關心,本次特別以專題策劃的方式,邀請亞洲地區中青輩三位策展人攜手合作,並各自薦選、邀請5位藝術家,匯聚不同的觀點同台展出。
跨國策展團隊由菲律賓策展人派屈克.佛洛雷斯(Patrick Flores)、韓國策展人金聖淵(Kim Seong-Youn)及臺灣策展人謝佩君(Hsieh Pei-Chun)共同組成提出「地緣詩學」的策展概念。有別於地緣政治較為強烈而絕對意識形態的劃分,「地緣詩學」提供策展領域如何理解世界運作方式的另一種視角,以詩性的踏查重新探尋自二戰後東亞與東南亞的「政經環境」、「日常生活實踐」、「民族國家」與「區域典範」等議題,並藉由探討地理與藝術的關係,營造出獨特且理性與感性兼具的對話空間。
跨國策展團隊呈現多維度視角
其中,派屈克.佛洛雷斯(Patrick Flores)為現任菲律賓大學藝術研究學系教授及新加坡國家美術館副館長,也曾受臺北市立美術館之邀,擔任第59屆威尼斯美術雙年展臺灣館「公眾活動」總召集人,具有豐富的策展與研究經驗。此次策展他提出相對於地緣政治,我們可以從藝術的角度回應人類社會所面臨的政治與社會議題。韓國獨立策展人金聖淵為現任釜山雙年展執行委員會董事,常年耕耘釜山藝術產業及培育藝術新秀教育,並引領釜山的替代性藝術運動。透過本次策展,他思考在不安的時代下,藝術究竟能扮演何種角色、發揮何種功能,是否能藉由藝術創作將世界串聯起來,以共同反思當前社會所面臨的問題。臺灣策展人謝佩君面對此次展覽主題時,則主張藝術創造具有重組時空與地理環境的潛能,並質問在藝術實踐的過程中,是否能開啟面對政治與社會議題的另一種思維。本次策展團隊的組成,在兩位資深策展人與新秀策展人的跨國合作下,透過多元豐富的視角與觀點相互對話,既富有詩意又帶有反思意味。重量級藝術家以多元創作形式,共創多元的對話空間。
本次展覽邀請來自日本、韓國、泰國、印尼、越南、菲律賓、以色列與臺灣共15組/位藝術家,以各自的創作方式與作品回應展覽議題。如韓國藝壇重量級數位藝術創作先驅李庸白,展出其經典的錄像與裝置作品,其中〈天使士兵〉藉由柔和而看似靜止的畫面,呈現士兵穿越假花叢林的過程,反映戰爭時期的資本主義,以及華麗外表下所隱含的緊張對立關係。韓國藝術家雙人組合文敬媛與全濬浩(Moon & Jeon)的作品〈自由村落〉為一錄像創作計畫,以源自70年前的文物為楔子,透過在影像中穿梭於時空的物件,呈現彷彿時間停止流轉社會樣貌,探討當前社會的矛盾與限制。活躍於當代藝術圈的印尼藝術家馬哈拉尼.馬羌那嘎拉(Maharani Mancanagara),藉由繪於木板上的炭筆繪畫、印製於布料上的報導文字等大型裝置作品,重現祖父輩的歷史記憶,並體現歷史敘事的不完整性與動態性。臺灣藝術家常陵則展出油畫作品《戰前準備》系列,以偽預言的創作方式反思歷史的覆蓋與竄改,以及圖像、線條和個人記憶裡對歷史紀錄的影響。臺灣藝術家王湘靈則展出現地製作的聲音裝置〈回應〉,呈現自身的生命經驗,並探討時間與空間的不確定性與不同的觀看可能。藝術家郭俞平則以〈我的胃裡沒有午飯,脖頸在尋覓陽光,腦子求索著愛情,靈魂裡有慌亂,心裡則有一股刺痛〉,探討歷史的離散、移民的歷史書寫,以及新移民女性的身分認同、知識體系及不同身分之間的轉化與融合。
除了展覽之外,本次聚焦於亞洲藝術的主題展更將於12月3日舉辦跨國連線的藝術家座談會,邀請三位策展人,以及印尼藝術家馬哈拉尼.馬羌那嘎拉、日本藝術家鎌田友介、泰國藝術家帕蒂普.蘇薩桑泰(Prateep Suthathongthai)、臺灣藝術家常陵與郭俞平等齊聚國美館,與身處國外以線上與會的藝術家們共同討論展覽議題,並與現場觀眾交流,透過策展人和與藝術家面對面的機會,一同探索身處於亞洲地緣環境的我們,應如何面對及思考當前的政經環境及如何重塑僵固的意識形態。
國美館期待本展能以詩意的美學與富有歷史情感的呈現,建立一個有機的公民空間,提供觀者激辯與省思的場域,從而以多元的角度理解當代世界的面貌。「地緣詩學:瀕危世界的多變特質」將自2023年12月2日展至2024年3月10日,更多有關展覽及藝術家座談會之相關資訊,敬請密切關注國美館官方網站及Facebook粉絲專頁。(原題:國美館「地緣詩學:瀕危世界的多變特質」展覽 以詩意美學探索亞洲地緣政治與意識形態的多元面貌;日期:2023-11-30 台灣文化部)
2024年中國—東盟人文交流年概念文件
一、背景情況
中國和東盟山水相連,隔海相望,命運相系。千年來,綿延不絕的舟舶繼路、商使交屬綻放出亞洲文化兼收並蓄、萬物並育的獨特氣質,連接起亞洲人民開放包容、倡導和平的共同價值,凝結出中國和東盟攜手合作、共行現代化之路的精神追求。
人文交流不僅是中國和東盟各國生生不息的精神紐帶,更是跨越歷史長河,沉淀出中國和東盟面向未來、相向而行的深厚根基。習近平主席提出建設更為緊密的中國—東盟命運共同體10年來,中國和東盟守望相助,共克時艱,命運與共的意識不斷深入人心。10年來,中國—東盟人文交流葳蕤春華,碩果盈枝,為構建更為緊密的中國—東盟命運共同體發揮了不可替代的重要作用。10年來,雙方人員往來密切,留學生數量不斷增多,青年交流友誼佳話頻傳,地方務實合作成果層出不窮,旅游、教育、文化、智庫、媒體、體育、婦女等領域交流合作持續深化。中國和東盟各國人民越走越近,越走越親,民意基礎不斷夯實。
當前,中國與東盟國家著力推動疫後復蘇,人文交往正加快恢復。中國和東盟一致同意,將2024年確定為「中國—東盟人文交流年」,助力雙方人文相交、民心相通,促進文明交流互鑑,深化全面戰略伙伴關系,攜手建設和平、安寧、繁榮、美麗、友好「五大家園」。
二、活動設想
2024年初,中方將與東盟在華共同舉辦2024年中國—東盟人文交流年開幕式,爭取實現高規格、高水平,隆重宣布交流年正式啟動,並邀請雙方各界友人見證。中方將征求東盟各國意見,形成2024年中國—東盟人文交流年活動清單並在開幕式期間散發,歡迎中國和東盟各界人士積極參與交流年活動。
2024年全年,大力支持中國和東盟政府部門、民間友好組織、工商學界等主體,共同開展青年、民間、教育、文化、旅游、媒體、科技、地方等各領域交流合作,包括但不限於:
(一)青春同行。青少年是中國東盟關系的未來,更是中國東盟世代友好的後備力量。「青春同行」將聚焦中國東盟青少年交流,為中國東盟青少年相知相親搭建有益平台。2024年將舉辦第15屆中國—東盟青年營、第十屆中國—東盟青年精英交流節、《熊貓杯》泰國青年感知中國征文大賽等。
(二)民心相印。民間交往是中國東盟人文交流不可或缺的重要內容。「民心相印」旨在通過民間友好組織和慈善機構開展的各項活動,加強中國東盟民間友好,夯實雙方廣泛的民意基礎,促進民心相通。2024年將舉辦中國—東盟民間友好組織領導人會晤、中國—東盟心連心暨東盟先心病兒童篩查救治等活動。
(三)匯智樹人。人才是實現中國和東盟發展的重要支持。「匯智樹人」聚焦中國東盟教育合作,邀請中國和東盟各層級教育機構開展學前教育、職業教育、高等教育等多層級、多領域教育合作,為雙方可持續發展提供智力支持。2024年將舉辦2024中國—東盟教育交流周、2024浙江—東南亞學前交流會等活動。
(四)文·體一家親。文化和體育作為人文交流中喜聞樂見的載體,將增進中國和東盟國家人民之間的友好情誼,促進雙方對彼此文化的相互了解和尊重,助力人民之間相知相親。2024年將舉辦中國—東盟文化論壇、中國—東盟武術大賽等活動。
(五)以「新」為媒。以新媒體為重點,聚焦中國和東盟新媒體與傳統媒體融合發展與合作,推動中國—東盟媒體領域互聯互通,通過電影、電視、短視頻等媒體平合,講好中國—東盟友好故事。2024年將舉辦中國—東盟視聽週、中國—東盟合作十大新聞評選等活動。
(六)跨越山海。聚焦中國—東盟民眾跨境交流,推動中國—東盟恢復雙邊人員往來,促進中國—東盟旅游業蓬勃發展。2024年將舉辦中國—東盟博覽會旅游展、中國—東盟旅游和文化培訓班、東盟與中日韓移民官員業務培訓班等。
(七)攜手共創。以創新、創業為主題,推動中國和東盟科學創新、青年創業領域的交流合作。2024年將舉辦第二屆中國—東盟創新創業大賽、第八屆瀾滄江—湄公河流域治理與發展青年創業設計大賽等活動。
(八)活力地方。中國和東盟關係活力在地方。中國和東盟地方交流形式多樣,內涵豐富。2024年將繼續舉辦中越、中緬邊境大聯歡等活動,還將開展涉及各領域的務實合作交流項目。
(九)共促治理。中國和東盟將打造智庫和學術合作網絡,在治國理政、領導力、公共政策等領域開展交流互鑑和人才培訓。就共同關心的人權問題開展交流,促進全球人權治理。繼續辦好婦女論壇、殘疾人論壇,就婦女創業、提升婦女科技創新能力、促進殘疾人權利等開展交流合作,加強特殊群體賦權與發展。
2024年底,中方將與東盟共同舉辦2024年中國—東盟人文交流年閉幕式,一起回顧交流年成果和亮點,激勵雙方各界賡續友誼、傳承友好。中方將征求東盟各國意見,形成2024年中國—東盟人文交流年事實清單,提交2024年第27次中國—東盟領導人會議參閱。
三、活動宣傳
計劃制作中國—東盟人文交流年宣傳片、紀錄片或訪談節目,推動在中國和東盟國家媒體播放,提升中國—東盟人文交流年影響力。
邀請中國和東盟國家媒體積極報道中國—東盟人文交流年開幕式和全年活動。
邀請中國和東盟國家的駐外使領館等機構,在各自平合宣介中國—東盟人文交流年項目及成果。
發揮網站、社交媒體等優勢,鼓勵各國民眾廣泛參與互動,擴大人文交流年覆蓋面。
Boundary: an imaginary line
Boundary, n. In political geography, an imaginary line between two nations, separating the imaginary rights of one from the imaginary rights of another. — Ambrose Bierce
To build a theory of international relations on accidents of geography and history is dangerous. — Kenneth Waltz
Descriptive anatomy is to physiology what geography is to history, and just as it is not enough to know the typography of a country to understand its history, so also it is not enough to know the anatomy of organs to understand their functions. — Claude Bernard
Anatomy is to physiology as geography is to history; it describes the theatre of events. — Jean Fernel
I believe very strongly, and have fought since many years ago - at least over 30 years ago - to get architecture not just within schools, but architecture talked about under history, geography, science, technology, art. — Richard Rogers
In the teaching of geography and history a sympathetic understanding (should) be fostered for the characteristics of the different peoples of the world, especially for those who we are in the habit of describing as "primitive. — Albert Einstein
History is philosophy teaching by example, and also warning; its two eyes are geography and chronology. — James A. Garfield
As Geography without History seemeth a carkasse without motion; so History without Geography wandreth as a Vagrant without a certain habitation. — John Smith
History is philosophy teaching by example and also by warning. — Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke
It is impossible to understand history, international politics, the world economy, religions, philosophy, or ‘patterns of culture’ without taking geography into account. — Kenneth C. Davis
The reality is that capital punishment in America is a lottery. It is a punishment that is shaped by the constraints of poverty, race, geography and local politics. — Bryan Stevenson
The policies of all powers are inherent in their geography. — Napoleon Bonaparte
Give children beauty, not the record of bloody slaughters and barbarous brawls, as they call history, or of the latitude and longitude of places nobody cares to visit, as they call geography. — Oscar Wilde
Free field trips into the wilderness to paint
I never thought that I would support myself with art - everyone in the Group of Seven had day jobs. I became a geography teacher so that I could get free field trips into the wilderness to paint. — Robert Bateman
Children can take lessons in that school via the Internet and can score extra points like e.g. in Geography or History. That sounds very promising and is a fantastic basis for future steps. — Anatoly Karpov
It doesn't matter if a character is a lawyer, a cop or a geography teacher. If there's a story in there, where the character has a passion and a fire in his belly and story to tell, then it's enough for an actor to get excited about. — Clive Standen
Geography does not define you - love does. — Eve Ensler
Paris is not a city, it is the image, the symbol of France, its today and yesterday, the reflection of its history, its geography and its hidden essence. — Nina Berberova
Several technological and political forces have converged, and that has produced a global, Web-enabled playing field that allows for multiple forms of collaboration without regard to geography or distance - or soon, even language. — Thomas Friedman
Basically, Islamic State is a combined al Qaeda and Lebanese Hezbollah on steroids, destabilizing the region, dissolving borders/changing the political geography in the Mid-east, and hardening political positions that make Mid-east peace-building more remote by the day. — James Mattis
Geography is just physics slowed down, with a couple of trees stuck in it
Geography is just physics slowed down, with a couple of trees stuck in it. — Terry Pratchett
It must be hard for humans, forever floundering through inconvenient geography. Humans are always lost. It's a basic characteristic. It explains a lot about them. — Terry Pratchett
To make revolution in Korea we must know Korean history and geography as well as the customs of the Korean people. Only then is it possible to educate our people in a way that suits them and to inspire in them an ardent love for their native place and their motherland. — Kim Il-sung
In the U.K., we have the best geography teachers in the world! — Prince Andrew
The study of geography is about more than just memorizing places on a map. It's about understanding the complexity of our world, appreciating the diversity of cultures that exists across continents. And in the end, it's about using all that knowledge to help bridge divides and bring people together. — Barack Obama
If we finished our work, the teacher would say, 'Now don't read ahead.' But sometimes I hid the book I was reading behind my geography book and did read ahead. You can hide a lot behind a geography book. — Beverly Cleary
Those whom nature hath so joined together, let no man put asunder — John F. Kennedy
Israel is a colonialist-imperialist phenomenon. There is no such thing as an Israeli people. Before 1948, world geography knew of no state such as Israel. Israel is the result of an invasion, of aggression. — Muammar al-Gaddafi
We meet fellow humans throughout our travels,Become close - friends, dates, lovers.Always we are distanced againfrom death, geography, or meeting others,Only dialtone on the phone,cold and empty beneath the covers. — Patri Friedman
I am afforded a bit of easy wonderment in relative comfort as to how humans have lasted so long. Climate- and geography-wise, the planet seems to have little use for us. — Henry Rollins
I think the idea of migration through time is very important because every human being does that and it unites us with people who migrate through geography. — Mohsin Hamid
History is a compass that you locate yourself on the map of human geography, politically, culturally, financially. — John Henrik Clarke
I don’t want to make an incremental change in some technology in my life. I want to create a whole new technology, and one that is aimed at helping humanity at all levels regardless of geography or ethnicity or age or gender. — Elizabeth Holmes
Geography can be about the triumph of the human spirit as much as the subjugation of earth by the human hand. — Tim Marshall
I believe that the physical is the geography of the being. — Louise Berliawsky Nevelson
Technology should be accessible to all, regardless of geography, income, or background. — Jen-Hsun Jensen Huang
In our changing world nothing changes more than geography. — Pearl S. Buck
When the Soviet Union broke apart, it split into 15 countries. Geography had its revenge on the
Soviets, and a more logical picture reappeared on the map. — Tim Marshall
Without geography you're nowhere. — Jimmy Buffett
There is no such thing as European geography. Europe is a concept without definition. — Tim Marshall
It is the relationship between the physical environment and the environed organism, between physiography and ontography (to coin a term), that constitutes the essential principles of geography today. — William Morris Davis
Russia's weakness is geography's revenge. — Tim Marshall
No choice we can make as a nation lies between our history and our geography. We can hardly change either of them. They are immutable. The only choice we can make as a nation is the choice about our future. — Paul Keating
Climate change will put even more pressure on the geography of water. — Tim Marshall
Geography is destiny, and history is its interpreter
Geography is destiny, and history is its interpreter. — Tim Marshall
Violence against women is perhaps the most shameful human rights violation, and it is perhaps the most pervasive. It knows no boundaries of geography, culture or wealth. As long as it continues, we cannot claim to be making real progress towards equality, development and peace — Kofi Annan
The door might not be opened to a woman again for a long, long time, and I had a kind of duty to other women to walk in and sit down on the chair that was offered, and so establish the right of others long hence and far distant in geography to sit in the high seats. — Frances Perkins
Geography: the more geographical factors we understand, the better we can see through them to the human decisions that lie behind them. — Tim Marshall
I like geography. I like to know where places are. — Tom Felton
Early Russia, centered around Moscow in the 13th century, was indefensible. There were no mountains, no deserts, and few rivers. — Tim Marshall
If geography is prose, maps are iconography. — Lennart Meri
If you know a country's geography, you can understand and predict its foreign policy. — Napoleon Bonaparte
Spain is struggling, and has always struggled because of its geography. Its narrow coastal plains have poor soil, and access to markets is hindered internally by its short rivers and a highland plateau surrounded by mountain ranges. It was left behind after the Second World War, as under the Franco dictatorship it was politically frozen out of much of modern Europe. The newly democratic Spain joined the EU in 1986. By the 1990s, it had begun to catch up with the rest of Western Europe, but its inherent geographic and financial weaknesses continue to hold it back and have intensified the problems of overspending and loose central fiscal control, making it among the countries hit worst by the ’08 economic crisis. — Tim Marshall
Man Can Change Geography
Geography does not change, but man does, and man can change geography. — Tim Marshall
There is a geography of the human spirit, common to all peoples. — Linda Hogan
Like most parents, I've been stumped by homework, the big questions, such as: 'What is the point of geography - the pilot always knows where we are going?'. Answer: 'If you didn't know any geography, people would think you were an American, and you wouldn't be able to put them right because you wouldn't know where they live.' — A. A. Gill
What makes a nation in the beginning is a good piece of geography. — Robert Frost
For whatever you're doing, for your creative juices, your geography's got a hell of a lot to do with it. You really have to be in a good place, and then you have to be either on your way there or on your way from there. — Neil Young
Geography is the art of the mappable. — Peter Haggett
Geography prepares for the world of work - geographers, with their skills of analysis are highly employable! — Michael Palin
The United States and Canada are a triumph of geography over history. — Tim Marshall
Why are there no great women artists?' sounds as ignorant of human geography as the query 'Why are there no Eskimo tennis teams? — Francine du Plessix Gray
I didn't see many female politicians on TV. I didn't see women in history textbooks, so I did geography, and art and English literature. But I know I must have been affected by not seeing women represented. — Emma Watson
愛墾網 是文化創意人的窩;自2009年7月以來,一直在挺文化創意人和他們的創作、珍藏。As home to the cultural creative community, iconada.tv supports creators since July, 2009.
Added by engelbert@angku张文杰 0 Comments 71 Promotions
Posted by 馬來西亞微電影實驗室 Micro Movie Lab on February 18, 2021 at 5:30pm 18 Comments 73 Promotions
Posted by 馬來西亞微電影實驗室 Micro Movie Lab on February 21, 2021 at 11:00pm 6 Comments 59 Promotions
Posted by Host Studio on May 14, 2017 at 4:30pm 11 Comments 49 Promotions
Posted by 用心涼Coooool on July 7, 2012 at 6:30pm 39 Comments 52 Promotions
Posted by 就是冷門 on August 24, 2013 at 10:00pm 79 Comments 80 Promotions
Posted by 罗刹蜃楼 on April 6, 2020 at 11:30pm 40 Comments 65 Promotions
Posted by 葉子正绿 on April 2, 2020 at 5:00pm 77 Comments 67 Promotions
Posted by Rajang 左岸 on August 26, 2013 at 8:30am 29 Comments 60 Promotions
Posted by 來自沙巴的沙邦 on November 4, 2015 at 7:30pm 3 Comments 75 Promotions
Posted by Dokusō-tekina aidea on January 5, 2016 at 9:00pm 35 Comments 72 Promotions
© 2024 Created by 馬來西亞微電影實驗室 Micro Movie Lab.
Powered by
You need to be a member of Iconada.tv 愛墾 網 to add comments!
Join Iconada.tv 愛墾 網