文化有根 創意是伴 Bridging Creativity
連著在好幾個報上看到有人寫北平熏雞,當時便想到北方人是愛吃煙熏火燎的怪味的,熏而食之的,何止雞一項。
口之於味,真是各地的嗜好不同,湘川臘肉,都是熏制而成,但北地人卻往往會覺得煙味難忍,輪到自己熏雞,便覺得“清香四溢”了。當然,這其間有其大不相同處。
湘川臘味,是肉腌了風吹幹之,再掛於竈口,其受煙也,煤煙、柴煙、爛木屑煙、花生殼煙,不一而足。熏成之物,絕對是失去了新鮮,只剩一股不悅鼻的煙氣味兒,是“異味”但不一定是“美味”。而北方人之“熏”,則完全不是這麽回子事。
且再先從熏雞說起。這雞不是風腌之雞,而是現殺現做的鮮嫩之雞(不是咬不動的老雞)。有人說是把雞加蔥姜入鍋煮七分熟,其實,蔥姜並不重要,主要的還是鹽與花椒。把花椒與鹽混炒出味,遍擦雞身,置大盆中,加蔥姜,再給雞稍稍抹一層酒(黃酒、米酒,甚至太白酒都可),入籠蒸熟(比煮會保存鮮味),然後再加熏制。按照老法,是把雞置鐵絲架上,下面以松塔燃火,再以松木屑壓之使生煙。松煙清馨,直透雞肉。松煙雖濃,但因是明熏,並不會使雞變成烏黑。熏好,擦以麻油,亮黃黃的雞皮,更是好看。現在,松木難找,因陋就簡,家庭自制,是用糖熏,其法別人多已談過,不必煩贅。因為這種糖熏可以蓋鍋,兼有“焗”之效能,所以被熏之物,可以不必過熟,熏好恰到火候。
和熏雞並列的有熏肘子(去骨蹄髈)、熏爪尖兒(豬腳)、熏天花(豬腦)、熏雞鴨雜(雞鴨內臟)、熏雞蛋,反正都是蒸之有味再熏的。
和熏雞不出一個系統的則是熏魚,江浙的熏魚是將醬油腌好的魚塊,大油炸成,與熏無關。廣東的生煙鯧魚是完全熏焗而熟,比一般的熏更純粹是熏。不過制作時不容易生熟恰好。
另外一種南人北地都有的熏小黃魚和熏魴魚,一般都是把魚稍擦鹽花,入油煎熟,擦上醬油再加熏焗。熏成的魚,香幹、鮮美,配粥下酒佐飯都宜,而且可以擱置三五日不壞,是四季鹹宜的好吃食。這裏市上多帶魚,若把帶魚塊如此加工,想必也更為適口。
愛墾網 是文化創意人的窩;自2009年7月以來,一直在挺文化創意人和他們的創作、珍藏。As home to the cultural creative community, iconada.tv supports creators since July, 2009.
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