文化有根 創意是伴 Bridging Creativity
十一、花式爐
花式爐在宣德爐圖譜中沒有定義,常見的有:海棠式爐、梅花爐、橘囊爐、水仙盆式爐、蓮花式爐,其他還有:熊首方爐、祥雲而簋爐、方耳鬲爐、三象合首爐、索耳方爐、海棠鼎式爐、索耳橘爐、梅花鼎彜爐、方形沖耳爐、鬲口獅耳乳足爐。
十二、鼎式爐
鼎式爐源於夏,盛於商周,衰於漢,自古即為國器之最,王權象征,古代以鼎數多少衡定權位,帝王以九鼎為貴,侯爵以七鼎為數。多置於朝堂、郊壇、宗廟等莊嚴之處。鼎有方圓之別,方的,鼎身如鬥,四足如柱;圓的,鼎身或深腹、或淺腰,三足或飾頭,或如馬蹄。
為祭器多安置於山川前,以祭天地;
為禮器多安置於朝堂之上,以彰顯皇權;置於宗廟裏,則為禮樂、以序長幼尊卑;
為觀賞器多設於殿、堂、室、閣,則顯尊貴;
為文玩,自當以制作精美、小巧、高雅之鼎彜,焚香用之,則高古之風、清雅之趣,盡得彰顯。
自宣德爐出現後,歷朝歷代均有大量仿制品出現,現今市面上所見到的,多為仿品,誰敢說自己見過真的宣德爐呢。作為古董,至少為百年以上,以清中期為界,清中期以前的比較好,明中晚期、清早期的最好,自古就有“清中以後無佳器”之說。
各種仿器中,好的不多,一般般的卻多見。更有甚者,惡銅粗仿,鉛錫加重,又塗偽色,遮去本質。眾人多以重為尚,以款為要,不惜重金以購之,豈不知此爐惡仿之物。另外還有一些仿制品,久置陰濕,伺其原銹,銅表異色,在市場上出售,這種爐器,民國最多,隨著工業革命的發達,合冶鉛銅,古代雖然有這種技術,但遠不及這個時候鼎盛,因此,當時宣德爐的價格也很高,素有“一兩宣爐一兩金”之說,民國時期也稱為宣德爐文化第四次高潮。
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