文化有根 創意是伴 Bridging Creativity
傳統歷史著作中,《史記.項羽本紀》是成功運用對比手法的例子:
漢欲西歸,張良、陳平說曰:「漢有天下太半,而諸侯皆附之。楚兵罷食盡,此天亡楚之時也,不如因其機而遂取之。今釋弗擊,此所謂『養虎自遺患』也。」漢王聽之。……屠城父,至垓下。大司馬周殷叛楚,以舒屠六, 舉九江兵,隨劉賈、彭越皆會垓下,詣項王。項王軍壁垓下,兵少食盡,漢軍及諸侯兵圍之數重。夜聞漢軍四面皆楚歌,項王乃大驚曰:「漢皆已得楚乎?是何楚人之多也!」項王則夜起,飲帳中。有美人名虞,常幸從; 駿馬名騅,常騎之。於是項王乃悲歌慷慨,自為詩曰:「力拔山兮氣蓋世,時不利兮騅不逝。騅不逝兮可柰何,虞兮虞兮柰若何!」歌數闋,美人和之。項王泣數行下, 左右皆泣,莫能仰視。
在太史公的行文裏,躊躇滿志的劉邦與窮途末路的項羽,…
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明晰切確的時間觀念,可使歷史敘述有條不紊。又如亞里斯多德(Aristotle) 的《雅典的政治制度》( Constitution of Athens),描寫雅典政治從王政(Draw 當政)演變為貴族政治(Solon 當政),再經過寡頭政治(Pisistratus 當政)、僭主政治(Cleisthnes 當政),最終成為民主政治(Pericles 當政)的進程,即表現出相當清楚的時間序列概念。
2:2 空間觀念:莎士比亞(Shakespear)曾說:“Life a tragedy; world a…
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壹、講授內容摘要
1.前言:歷史寫作無法脫離歷史敘述而完成,其間牽涉到許多知識論與方法論的內涵。在分析哲學及法國年鑑學派影響下,二次大戰以前的史家談論歷史敘述問題時,習慣上將形式與內容加以區隔,認為二者能夠兩分。這種觀點以實在論(realism) 為其背後的理論基礎,即肯定事物的流動變化間,蘊藏著真相甚或某種真理,而真相或真理一旦被發掘即不再改變,是故歷史敘述可以趨進真實,而其終極命題即在關懷「歷史敘述的建構究竟是為了歷史之真實, 還是為了建構真實外的其他目的?」,並注重歷史解釋(historical explanation)、因果關係(causality)與通則(covering law)的建立。但是,七十年代以後的歷史學,傾向於將歷史敘述作為本體論來思考,認為歷史敘述本身也具有歷史性(The historicality of…
ContinueAdded by Almaty 蘋果 on August 29, 2018 at 6:59pm — No Comments
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愛墾網 是文化創意人的窩;自2009年7月以來,一直在挺文化創意人和他們的創作、珍藏。As home to the cultural creative community, iconada.tv supports creators since July, 2009.
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