Organisasi syarikat perisian tradisional yang berbentuk piramid telah lama menjadi struktur yang lazim dalam pembentukan pasukan di seluruh industri teknologi. Sebilangan besar pekerja junior berada di peringkat paling bawah dan melaksanakan tugasan rutin dalam pelbagai fungsi. Pekerja peringkat pertengahan pula menguruskan perkara-perkara yang lebih kompleks, manakala sebilangan kecil pemimpin kanan dan perancang strategi berada di peringkat teratas untuk menentukan visi…

Founded in 2009 by Dr. Tan Beng Huat, iconada.tv is a community-driven platform dedicated to cultural creativity, reflective inquiry, and interdisciplinary discussion. Over the years, the platform has regarded the thinking theories of Edward de Bono as one of the important intellectual foundations for advancing cultural innovation and creative practice. 

Across iconada.tv’s extensive body of research, experimentation, and published…

At the 83rd Venice International Film Festival in 2026, a documentary titled NAZA — Collateral Civilian Casualty Estimate — was awarded the Special Jury Prize, making it one of the most closely watched films in the festival’s main competition.

According to the official Venice Film Festival programme, NAZA was co-directed by Israeli filmmakers Yuval Abraham and Rachel Szor. The 80-minute documentary was produced by The Guardian and JW…

1.What is “History from Below”?

Traditional historical writing has often followed a top-down approach, focusing primarily on major events involving kings, prime ministers, generals, and political elites. History from Below, by contrast, shifts the focus toward the everyday lives and experiences of ordinary people, marginalized groups, and communities at the grassroots level.

Core focus: The voices and experiences of ordinary people, including…