文化有根 創意是伴 Bridging Creativity
第三,梁朝積極與域外交通和來往,也有在多個政權對峙時期,拉攏同盟,對付敵對政權的用意,特別是與高句驪、柔然的交往更是如此。《魏書·高句麗傳》記載:
至高祖時,(高句驪王)璉貢獻倍前,其報賜亦稍加焉。時光州於海中得璉所遣詣蕭道成使余奴等,高祖詔責璉曰:“道成親殺其君,竊號江左,朕方欲興滅國於舊邦,繼絕世於劉氏,而卿越境外交,遠通篡賊,豈是藩臣守節之義!今不以一過掩卿舊款,即送還藩,其感恕思衍,只承明憲,輯寧所部,動靜以聞。”……正光初,光州又於海中執得蕭衍所授安寧東將軍衣冠劍佩,及使人江法盛等,送於京師。安死,子延立。出帝初,詔加延使持節、散騎常侍、車騎大將軍、領護車夷校尉、遼東郡開國公、高句麗王,賜衣冠服物車旗之飾。天平中,詔加延侍中、驃騎大將軍,餘悉如故。延死,子成立。訖於武定末,其貢使無歲不至。〔7〕
顯然,北魏對於高句麗交通南朝蕭齊、蕭梁是嚴加提防的。北方草原鮮卑之後,柔然崛起。在柔然、北魏與南朝對峙之時,南朝與柔然的結盟往往有夾擊北魏之用意。《梁書·諸夷傳》“芮芮國”條記載:“宋升明中,遣王洪軌使焉,引之共伐魏。齊建元元年,洪軌始至其國,國王率三十萬騎出燕然山東南三千餘里,魏人閉關不敢戰。後稍侵弱。永明中為丁零所破。更為小國而南移其居。天監中始破丁零,復其舊土,始築城郭,名曰木末城。十四年,遣使獻烏貂裘。普通元年,又遣使獻方物。是後數歲一至焉。大同七年,又獻馬一匹,金一斤。”在柔然與南朝劉宋、蕭齊和蕭梁頻繁往來的時候,正是柔然與北魏征戰連年之時,雙方都有取得對方支持和救援以牽制和夾擊北魏的用意。
〔7〕《魏書》卷100《高句麗傳》,第2216頁。
(文明的互動: 漢唐間絲綢之路與中外交流論稿 / 石云濤著. 蘭州: 蘭州大學出版社, 2014)
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