文化有根 創意是伴 Bridging Creativity
這一次中華書局舉辦的書法文玩展覽,陳列硯石甚多,其中有一方款為顧二娘制,石作灰綠色,硯底鐫一佛像,真偽雖不可知,然頗可玩賞,顧二娘為清初吳門人,以善於制硯著名,非端溪老坑佳石不肯動手,因此雖以制硯著名,然親手所製者不及百方,余多偽作。相傳她辨別硯材,只須以腳尖點石,即能知道石質的好壞新舊,此殆好事者故神其說,於是顧二娘硯遂更為人所重,袁子才《隨園詩話》載杭州何春巢得顧二娘硯,背上鐫劉慈七絕一首,因題「一剪梅」一闋紀其事云云。據今人考證,硯上所鐫七絕乃黃革田詩,見黃著《香草齋詩集》,並非劉慈所作,其為作偽可知。《隨園詩話》的內容,所收多互相吹捧及應酬之作,市儈氣甚重,久為識者所詬病,所記何春巢《題顧二娘硯詞》一事,也可作證。袁氏云:
何春巢在金陵得端硯,背有劉總絕句云:一寸干將割紫泥,專諸門巷日初西,如何軋軋鳴機手,割遍端州十里溪。破云:吳門顧二娘為制斯硯,贈之以詩。顧家於專諸舊裡,時康熙戊戌秋日。春巢困調《一剪梅》一闋鐫其旁云:「玉指金蓮為底忙,昔贈劉郎,今遇何郎。墨花猶帶粉花香,制自蘭房,佐我文房。片石摩挲古色蒼,顧也茫茫,劉也茫茫,何時攜取過吳閶,喚起情郎,吊爾秋娘。」
何春巢這首詞,可說很肉麻。據鄧之誠《骨董瑣記》卷四云:「按此詩黃宰田所作,刻在《香草齋詩》卷二,注雲,余此石出入懷袖將十年,今春攜入吳門,顧二娘見而悅焉,為制斯硯。余喜其藝之精,而感其意之篤,為詩以贈,並勒於硯陰,俾後之傳者有所考焉……然則非劉慈竊取黃詩,即作偽者托名無疑矣。獨怪子才與莘田相去不遠,何以未及詳考。春巢何郎劉郎之詞,更屬夢夢。」
鄧說極是。按黃氏集中,尚有《題陶舫硯銘冊雜詩》,也是題顧二娘制硯的,詩云:古款遺凹積墨香,纖纖女手帶干將,誰傾幾滴梨花雨,一灑泉台顧二娘。原注云:余田生蕉白硯,陳德泉井田硯,十硯翁青花硯,皆吳門顧二娘制,時顧沒矣,陳句山太僕和韻云:淡淡梨花黯黯香,芳名誰遣勒詞場,明珠七字端溪吏,樂府千秋顧二娘。
據《骨董瑣記》說:顧二娘制硯,多無款識,不易辨別,凡細書八分款吳門顧二娘制六字者,大抵皆偽。
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